![]() New methods to adjust survey data were developed with UNICEF. Through systematic searches (eg, of national statistical offices, ministry of health websites, and websites of the major household survey programmes of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and Demographic and Health surveys), we compiled a global LBW dataset (1447 datapoints from 148 countries). However, LBW data from administrative data sources have not been systematically collated, existing methods for adjusting survey LBW data are recognised to have several limitations, and no standardised, systematic estimates for LBW prevalence have been produced. LBW is a key outcome in global nutrition targets. Low birthweight (LBW <2500 g), a composite measure of fetal growth and gestational length, is an important indicator of maternal and perinatal health and a predictor of adverse short-term and long-term health outcomes. 17 These targets are reiterated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 16 LBW is thus a key indicator of progress towards the achievement of the global nutrition targets and monitoring LBW trends is an essential component of the Global Nutrition Monitoring Framework approved by member states at the WHA in May, 2015. In 2012, the World Health Assembly (WHA) endorsed a Comprehensive Implementation Plan on Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition, which specified six global nutrition targets, including a 30% reduction in the number of LBW livebirths between 20. ![]() 11, 12, 13, 14 Other contributors include exposure to environmental factors, such as indoor air pollution, and tobacco and drug use. 7, 8, 9, 10 Factors influencing LBW include extremes of maternal age (especially younger than 16 years of age or older than 40 years), multiple pregnancy, obstetric complications, chronic maternal conditions (eg, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy), infections (eg, malaria), and nutritional status. 3, 4, 5, 6 LBW newborns also have a higher risk of morbidity, stunting in childhood, and long-term developmental and physical ill health including adult-onset chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. 3 More than 80% of neonatal deaths are in LBW newborns, of which two thirds are preterm and one third are term small-for-gestational-age. 2 LBW is a substantial public health problem in every country, associated with a range of both short-term and long-term consequences affecting human capital. LBW includes both appropriately grown preterm neonates (<37 completed weeks of gestation) and term and preterm growth-restricted neonates (<10th centile of weight for gestational age and sex) but remains an important public health indicator, especially in settings where accurate gestational age assessment is not possible. Low birthweight (LBW) is defined as a birthweight below 2500 g regardless of gestational age 1 and is usually applied to livebirths only.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |